How must bacteria remain to survive?

Bacteria need to remain in contact with a host or decomposing plant debris to access nutrients and maintain metabolic activity essential for their survival. This interaction allows them to absorb nutrients, and in many cases, facilitates reproduction. Being in close proximity to organic matter provides essential resources that contribute to their growth and replication processes.

While there are circumstances where some bacteria can be inert or dormant in soil, or survive temporarily if floating in water, these conditions do not support their active reproduction or survival in more energetic environments. Sunlight can be detrimental to many bacteria, as ultraviolet light can damage their DNA and ultimately lead to their death. Therefore, the requirement for bacteria to be in contact with a host or plant debris is the most fitting condition for their survival and continued activity.