Which method can effectively promote the growth of established plants?

Mulching to conserve soil moisture is an effective method for promoting the growth of established plants. Mulch serves multiple functions that support plant health. It helps retain moisture in the soil, which reduces the need for frequent watering and protects plant roots from temperature extremes. By maintaining consistent moisture levels, plants can absorb the water they need for various physiological processes, including nutrient uptake and photosynthesis.

Additionally, mulch can suppress weed growth, which minimizes competition for resources such as water and nutrients. It can also improve soil structure over time as organic mulch decomposes, contributing to soil health and fertility. Overall, mulching enhances the growing conditions for established plants, leading to stronger and more vigorous growth.

While synthetic fertilizers, strategic watering schedules, and pest control sprays each have roles in plant care, they do not directly address the foundational needs of soil moisture retention and temperature regulation as effectively as mulching does.